Wireless or space telegraphy.



Patented Sept. 4, I900.

L KE'FSEEL WIRELESS DB SPACE TELEGRAPHY.

(Application filed. Sept. 18, 1899.)

(No Model.)

Inventor.

Witnessesv .4 wAsnmarou 1:; c

STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES E. WILSON, OF SAME PLACE.

WlR'ELEiS OR \SPACE TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent No. 657,224, dated september 4, 1900. Applicatioiifiled September 18, 1899. Serial No. 730,876. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IsIDoR KITsEE, of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVireless or Space Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in wireless or space telegraphy. Its object is to provide wireless telegraphy with a system of calling up as well as receiving in a manner better adapted for the purpose than has heretofore been the case.

The great importance of wireless or space telegraphy consists in its employment in seagoing vessels. Its future usefulness lies in the fact that it will prevent collisions between vessels in foggy weather and will point out in such foggy or stormy weather to the officer in charge of the vessel dangerous localities, thereby enabling him to avoid the same. The use of the wireless system will therefore on vessels only be an occasionalone, and the employment of persons to devote their entire time and attention to the receiving of such occasional messages is entirely out of the question. The first and most important point for a vessel employing the system of wireless is inside of the radius of the electric zone,

and the case may not unfrequently arise that the vessel calling would not receive any response on account of the absence of the person at the receiving-station in the second ves sel. It will therefore be assumed that the path is free and no vessel present inside the zone, and the first vessel will proceed in its course, which may result in a collision and a loss of life. Instead of being a safeguard the employment of the wireless telegraphy may lead in such cases to accidents which otherwise might have been avoided. To obviate this possible occurrence and to automatically announce to the calling vessel if a second vessel is present in its electric zone is one of the aims of my invention, a second aim of which is to provide both the sending as well as the receiving station with a device capable of receiving after the first part of my inventionwhat I call the calling up and answering is accomplished.

Referring to the drawing, which illustrates in diagrammatic view two stations, A is the sending and A the receiving station.

Similar letters indicate similar parts in both stations, with the exception that the letters in the second station are each provided with the numeral 1.

a is the terminal of the aerial conductor, connected through the receiver 1) with what I call the calling up device, consisting of an inclosure provided with a movable conductor c, normally in electrical contact with the adjustable screw 6, in electrical contact with one pole of the battery f, the other pole of which is connected to one terminal of the electromagnet M, the second terminal of which is, with the interposition of the variable resistance R and the switch j, connected to the movable conductor 0. The adjustable screw 61 is connected to one terminal of the secondary S and through switch Z with c, the other terminal of the secondary being grounded at G. f is also placed the bell or other annunciator it, one terminal of which derived circuit is connected to the adjustable stop a. This adjustable stop or contact-point is also connected with one terminal of the primary P, the other terminal of which is, with the interposition of the vibrator or interrupter I and key K,with its derived circuit 7c,connected to one pole of the battery F, the other pole of which is in electrical contact with the movable armature m of the electromagnet 071. To the adjustable stop n is also connected a wire having in its circuit a switch 0.

I will first describe the arrangement of circuits when the apparatus is at rest, ready to receive and automatically respond to impulses sent from a distant station. In this arrangement the switches j, Z, 0, and 7a are in the following position: Switch 4' is closed, switch I is open, switch 0 is open, and switch 70 is closed. The incoming current impulses, therefore, will be received by the aerial conductor a and will flow through receiverb and thence through the movable conductor 0 to the adjustable screw 6; but as the adjustable screw 6 is not in contactwith the ground, and as the adjustable screw d is connected to the ground, and as e, o, and d are of different po- In a derived circuit of the battery tential, it follows that 0, being of the same potential as 6, will be repelled from e, and seeking to impart the same potential to the adjustable screw 01 it will move toward and in contact with the same. The path of the incoming current, therefore, will be from a through the receiver 5, the movable conductor 0, the screw cl, and the secondary S to the ground G. As long as the movable conductor 0 is in contact with the screw 6 the local circuit containing the battery f is closed in the following manner: One terminal of the batteryf currents of the two batteries F fare opposed to each other. The electromotive force of these batteries should be as much as possible of the same value. The circuit of the battery F is then closed through the anfiunciator h, opposing battery f, primary P, interrupter I, and key-shuntk; but as the force offis opposed to F the vibrator will not be actuated and no or very little current will flow through P. As soon as the movable conductor 0 leaves the screw 6 the circuit including the magnet M is broken, and the armature 'm drops to the stop n and establishes the following circuits: the shunt-circuit of the battery F, consisting of stop a, armature m, and annunciator 7t; second, the low-resistance circuit of battery F, consisting of armature m, connected to one pole of said battery, stop n, against which the armature rests, and primary P, connected with one terminal to stop 72 and with the other terminal to the interrupter I, which in turn is connected through the key-shunt 7a with the other terminal of the battery. The closing of these'two circuits will accomplish the following: The closing of the shunt-circuit off will actuate the annunciator h, and the closing of the low-resistance circuit of the batteryF will actuate the interrupter I, thereby generating rapidly-recurring impulses in the primary P, which in turn will induce im' pulses in the secondary S. The path of these impulses will be as follows: from secondary S through d, through c, and through I) to the aerial conductor a on one side and from S to the ground G on the other side. If the station is used as a transmitting-station, then the key-shunt 7c is opened, the switches Z and 0 closed, and the switch j opened. The primary current of the battery F will flow from the positive terminal of said battery through the switch 0, the primary P, the interrupter I, and operated key K back to the negative any other sending-station if its own key is at rest. These impulses will then flow from the aerial conductor a through the receiver Z),

the switch Z, and secondary S to the ground G, it being understood that the intersecting wires from b and j are, as illustrated in the drawing, connectedattheirintersection. The office of the variable resistance R is to introduce as much resistance as is necessary in the circuit containing the electromagnet M,

so that enough electromotive force may re'-.

main in the battery f to oppose the battery F. It is understood that both batteries should be of an equal number of cells, or if of different numbers the electromotive force of the individual cells should be such as to neutralize the difference in number. My intention is to place in the keycircuit, socalled, blue-stone cells and in the circuit containing the electromagnet M secondary cells of large capacity, and while I have here described a preferred arrangement of cir' cuits and a preferred form of mechanism I do not limit myself to the arrangement or mechanism, as any other desired arrangement and form may be substituted therefor. If, therefore, one station desires to communicate with a second station, it will'first shunt the callingup device and then press the keylever K, so as to transmit impulses to the second station. At the second station if no operator is present the calling-up device will automatically bring in motion the sending apparatus, thereby notifying the first station that a second station is inside the electric radius; but if these impulses continue to arrive without any interruption it will also advise the operator of the first station that no person is present at the second station, and therefore he does not need to-transmit his message. The second operator being summoned by the alarm apparatus will shunt his calling-up device, and the two operators will then converse with the aid of their receivers b b.

I have illustrated the device controllingrthe automatic answer as consisting of a movable conductor in proximity to adj ustablescrewcontacts; but I do not limit myself to this construction.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In wireless or space telegraphy, a calling-up device consisting of a movable conductor and two contact-points forming part of the receivingcircuit, one contactpoint being also connected to a local battery and an electromagnetic device, the other pole of which is connected to the movable conduetor, the second contact-point being connected to the ground.

2. In wireless or spaced telegraphy, a system consisting of two or more stations, pro- 5 vided each with means for automatically answering the call of the station transmitting.

In testimony whereof I sign myname, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 16th day of September, A. D. 1899.

ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

E. R. STIELEY, WM. M. DEUTSOH. 

